Thrust roller bearings are designed to bear primarily axial loads, as well as combined radial and axial loads, provided that the radial load does not exceed 55% of the axial load. Compared to other thrust roller bearings, this type exhibits a lower coefficient of friction, higher rotational speeds, and self-aligning capabilities.

The bearings feature asymmetrical spherical rollers, which minimise relative sliding between rollers and raceways during operation. With their elongated shape, large diameter, and high number of rollers, they offer superior load capacity. Oil lubrication is typically employed, though grease lubrication may be used in certain low-speed applications. These bearings should be prioritised during design selection.

Thrust cylindrical roller bearings and thrust tapered roller bearings are suitable for low-speed applications, with thrust tapered roller bearings operating at slightly higher speeds than thrust cylindrical roller bearings. Thrust cylindrical roller bearings are separable bearings, capable of withstanding unidirectional axial loads and minor impacts. They can restrict axial displacement of the shaft (or housing) in one direction, thus serving as unidirectional axial locators. However, their load-carrying capacity far exceeds that of thrust ball bearings. During roller rotation, differing linear velocities at both ends inevitably cause slippage on the raceway. Consequently, the maximum operating speed of these bearings is lower than that of thrust ball bearings, typically limiting their application to low-speed operations.

Standard thrust cylindrical roller bearings employ machined solid metal cages. Upon customer request, alternative cage types or materials may be utilised. Thrust tapered roller bearings can only accommodate unidirectional axial loads, restricting axial displacement in one direction and thus serving as unidirectional axial locators. Compared to thrust cylindrical roller bearings, they offer greater load capacity and reduced relative sliding, though their maximum operating speed is lower.